Step-by-step training techniques for puppies, adult dogs, and behavioral challenges
Positive reinforcement is the most effective and humane training method. Rewarding good behavior builds a strong bond with your dog and creates lasting results.
The first 16 weeks are critical for a puppy's development. This is when they learn about their environment, develop social skills, and form associations with people and other dogs. Early training sets the foundation for a well-behaved adult dog.
Expose your puppy to a variety of people, animals, environments, sounds, and experiences in a positive, controlled manner. Proper socialization prevents fear and aggression issues later in life. Always ensure interactions are safe and positive.
Puppies typically can hold their bladder for one hour per month of age (a 3-month-old can hold it for about 3 hours). Take your puppy outside frequently: after meals, after naps, before bedtime, and during play sessions. Praise and reward heavily when they eliminate outside.
A crate becomes a safe space when introduced properly. Never use it as punishment. Feed meals in the crate, leave treats inside, and gradually increase time spent inside. A crate-trained dog is easier to housetrain and safer during travel.
The foundation command. Hold a treat close to your dog's nose, move it over their head, and their bottom should naturally lower. Say "Sit" as they sit, then reward immediately. Practice 5-10 minutes daily.
Start with your dog sitting. Open your hand in front of you and say "Stay." Take a few steps back. If they stay, reward immediately. Gradually increase distance and duration before releasing them.
Use an excited, happy tone. Start in a confined space, show a treat, and say "Come." When they reach you, reward generously. Never call your dog to come for something unpleasant (like ending playtime or nail trimming).
From a sitting position, hold a treat near your dog's chest and slowly lower it to the ground between their front paws. They'll naturally lie down to follow the treat. Say "Down" and reward when they're in position.
Reward desired behaviors with treats, praise, or play. This method builds confidence, strengthens your bond, and creates a dog that's eager to please. It's effective and humane.
Avoid harsh corrections, yelling, or physical punishment. These methods create fear and can lead to aggression. Modern training science shows positive reinforcement is more effective.
All family members should use the same commands and rules. Training takes time—be patient and celebrate small improvements. Consistency creates clear expectations.
Ignore jumping behavior and only reward calm greetings. Turn away when your dog jumps. Jumping is rewarded with attention (even negative attention), so removing all attention removes the reward.
Stop walking when your dog pulls. Resume only when the leash is slack. This teaches that pulling doesn't work. Reward loose leash walking frequently during walks.
Identify the trigger (boredom, anxiety, alert barking) and address the underlying cause. Don't reward barking with attention. Provide adequate exercise and mental stimulation.
Provide appropriate chew toys. Redirect to toys when your dog tries to chew inappropriate items. Provide adequate exercise, as bored dogs chew destructively. Puppies teeth, so offer safe options to chew on.
The best time to start training is now! Puppies learn quickly, and adult dogs can learn at any age. Check out our guides and tools to get started.
View All Guides →Last updated: January 2025